Astronews - September 2004

Asteroid Close Encounter this Wednesday

 

Tumbling through space, a peanut-shaped asteroid named 4179 Toutatis is expected to pass within a million miles (1.6 million kilometers) of Earth on Wednesday.

Radar images of the three-mile-long (4.6-kilometer-long) asteroid suggest it could be composed of two or three space rocks held together by gravity.

This approach is the closest in this century of any known asteroid at least as big as Toutatis.

Asteroid Close Encounter Coming Wednesday

 

NASA - JPL Solar System Simulator

 

NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab has a nifty website that lets you simulate detailed views of the Solar System, it's wonderful planets and their major moons.

Check out the sample views to get an idea of what this tool can show!
NASA - JPL Solar System Simulator

 

NASA mid-air capture stunt failed

 

It's a bust!!!

NASA pilots wanted to perform a unique stunt today but did not get their chance.

What's this all about?

The Genesis spacecraft returned to Earth after collecting particles of solar wind.

The NASA pilots were to perform a mid-air recovery of the sample return capsule with a helicopter.

The Genesis craft crashed in the Utah desert before it could be captured in a mid-air recovery, because the parachute failed to deploy and the capsule spun out of control.

It is still to be determined if the extraterrestrial matter survived the impact. This material is the first to be returned to Earth by a spacecraft since the U.S. Apollo and Soviet Luna missions brought back moon rocks in the 1970s.

Learn more about Genesis:
Genesis Mission

Astronews - August 2004

NASA to Announce New Class of Planets

 

Astronomers have discovered four new planets in a week's time, an exciting end-of-summer flurry that signals a sharper era in the hunt for new worlds.

Some appear to be noticeably smaller and more solid - more like Earth and Mars - than the gargantuan, gaseous giants identified before.

Planet-hunting is the hottest field in astronomy. This week three teams in the United States and Europe rushed to announce their discoveries of new exoplanets - those orbiting stars other than our sun.

Experts say it won't be long before astronomers detect planets that are similar to Earth's dimensions and characteristics - perhaps even suitable for sustaining life with an oxygen-rich atmosphere and oceans.

NASA to Announce New Class of Planets

 

NASA engineers refine Robonaut

 

Not content to simply stand in one place, NASA's mechanical astronaut has found not one, but two new robotic bodies that will allow it to move across land and space.

Robonaut B, a robot built with human-like hands and television camera eyes, now has the option of rolling around Earth on a modified two-wheeled Segway scooter or grappling the International Space Station with what researchers call a "space leg."

Robonaut B is portable and wireless, its internal systems are much smaller than those of its older brother Robonaut A.

Read the entire article at CNN:
NASA engineers refine Robonaut

 

Hoax Alert - Mars is NOT about to be spectacular!

 

Did you get an email about Mars lately? Did it say something like "The Red Planet is about to be spectacular!"?

This month and next, Earth is catching up with Mars in an encounter that will culminate in the closest approach between the two planets in recorded history.

Well this event happened back in August 2003! But since people like to blindly forward emails you can rest assured that every year around August this letter will be circulated!

For more details visit the KC Virus & Hoax Alert! site:

Kahl.net Virus and Hoax Alert - Inform Yourself

 

Writing the rules to govern the cosmos

 

Where mankind may go, lawyers are quick to follow - and futuristic as it may seem, some are busily writing the laws they hope will ultimately govern the universe.

To try to ensure that space remains a "common thing," space lawyers have drafted five international treaties under UN direction. The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 provides the basis of all space law with its clear decree that no nation can claim ownership to any part of it, and all nations must agree to its peaceful use. The treaty was signed by all major space powers and remains the guiding light of space initiatives.

Read the full article here:
Writing the rules to govern the cosmos

Astronews - July 2004

NASA's AURA Spacecraft Launched

 

AURA, a NASA mission dedicated to the health of Earth's atmosphere, was finally launched today on the fourth try.

With the launch of Aura, the first series of NASA's Earth Observing System satellites is complete. The other satellites are Terra, which monitors land, and Aqua, which observes Earth's water cycle.

Aura will help answer three key scientific questions: Is the Earth's protective ozone layer recovering? What are the processes controlling air quality? How is the Earth's climate changing? NASA expects early scientific data from Aura within 30-90 days.

Aura's four instruments are:
- the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS)
- the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS)
- the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)
- the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)

Read the full article at TechNewsWorld:
Technology News: Science: NASA's Aura Spacecraft Launches from Vandenberg

AURA Website:
NASA AURA Earth Observing Mission

 

Fastest Space Storm on Record

 

The first of an unprecedented series of powerful solar storms that punished Earth in 2003 is now at the edge of the solar system. That's 8 billion miles (13 billion kilometers) away!



Scientists monitored the storms' progress with spacecraft arrayed between Earth and the edge of the solar system.

But the storms remained strong clear out to the giant planets and beyond. One disrupted the magnetic fields of both Jupiter and Saturn, creating fresh localized storms similar to those that strike Earth in the hours after initial eruptions.

Read the entire article here: Fastest Space Storm on Record Reaches Edge of Solar System:

Astronews - June 2004

Mars rover Spirit finds Pot of Gold

Mars rover Spirit, poking among the rocks at the foot of the Columbia Hills, has found an intriguing-looking rock that scientists dubbed Pot of Gold. This peculiar prize at the end of our rainbow is astonishing mision scientists.

It has nodules a few millimeters across attached to the ends of stalks of rock perhaps an inch long. Seen close-up by the rover's microscopic imager, the nodules are not round like the famed "blueberries" discovered by the other rover in Meridiani Planum. In fact, scientists are at a loss to explain Pot of Gold's nodules at all.

Pot of Gold appears heavily weathered and, as determined by the rover's Moessbauer spectrometer, it contains hematite. This is the iron mineral abundant in Mars' Meridiani Planum, where it was produced by the action of an ocean or lake on evaporite deposits rich in salts and sulfates. Gusev, however, has proven so far to be quite dry, with scientists finding only relatively minor effects of water on some rocks.

Read about the discovery at Astronomy.com:
Astronomy.com | Spirit hits the jackpot

Private Rocket Plane "SpaceShipOne" Soars Into Space

 

Today the privately funded rocket plane SpaceShipOne flew to outer space and into history books as the world's first commercial manned space flight.

The white rocket plane was released from a larger plane called the White Knight and ignited its rocket engine to enter space and reach an altitude of 328,491 feet, or 62.2 miles above the earth.

Pilot Michael Melvill, 63, landed SpaceShipOne back at a runway in the Mojave Desert in California, about 100 miles north of Los Angeles.

The plane with its striking nose -- a pointed cone covered with small portholes -- was designed by legendary aerospace designer Burt Rutan.

Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, the project's financial backer, is expected to vie for the Ansari X prize later this summer. The X Prize awards $10m to the first private venture that can take three people to sub-orbital space and back again. The catch is that the winner must do this twice within a fortnight, using the same spaceplane.

Read the Reuters Article:
Top News Article | Reuters.com

Read the AP article:
Plane Soars Out of Earth's Atmosphere

Read the CNN article:
Private craft soars into space, history

 

Summer Solstice Today!

 

Happy Summer solstice! Enjoy the longest day in the Northern Hemisphere!

This Guardian article shines light on the subject of the longest day of the year:
Guardian Unlimited | Today's issues | Summer solstice

 

Encounter with Comet Wild 2 a Heavenly Surprise

 

The most revealing close-up pictures ever taken of a comet have scientists shaking their heads in astonishment.

The rugged, diverse landscape of the comet Wild 2 is unlike anything they have ever seen or imagined: towering columns and spires rising above steep-walled craters and violent jets of gas and dust shooting skyward.

Wild 2, named after a Swiss astronomer and pronounced "vilt," also made a strong impression on the 770-pound spacecraft. Blasts of particles rocked the Stardust. A dozen particles, some larger than a bullet, penetrated the outer layer of its protective shielding.

But the spacecraft survived and is sending dust samples to Earth by a separate capsule. The capsule is scheduled to reach Earth in January 2006.

Astronomers thought comets resembled dirty snowballs, conglomerations of ice and rubble such as Halley's Comet, and might release some dust and gas, but not with the force encountered by Stardust.

Read more about the findings here:

Strange Comet Unlike Anything Known

 

Private Spaceport to rise in California Mojave Desert

 

A desert airdrome in Mojave, California is on the final glide path to getting government approval for becoming an inland gateway to space.


Mojave Airport is to become a hub for high-flying craft intended to help spark public space travel. Mojave Airport is located approximately 100 miles north of Los Angeles, on the western edge of the Mojave Desert.

The site is already home port for several enterprising suborbital space projects. The most notable is Scaled Composites, builder and operator of the White Knight/SpaceShipOne piloted vehicles. One of the first "outings" for Spaceport Mojave is the SpaceShipOne attempt to snag the $10 million Ansari X Prize cash award.

Spaceport to rise in California desert

Ansari X Prize

 

Proba - The Little Satellite That Could

 


Just 60x60x80 cm and weighing only 94 kg, ESA's Project for On-Board Autonomy satellite, better known as Proba, is one of the most advanced small satellites ever flown in space.

The spacecraft was launched in October 2001 as a piggyback payload on India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), from the launch station at Shriharikota - a small island 100 km from Madras. Since its launch, ESA's Proba micro-satellite has been returning remarkable imagery of some of our planet's major landmarks with a compact instrument called the High Resolution Camera.

Proba's high-performing computer system and technologically advanced instruments have enabled it to demonstrate and evaluate onboard operational autonomy, new spacecraft technology both hardware and software, and to test Earth observation and space environment instruments in space.

Its main payload is the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS), a compact hyperspectral imager that returns detailed data on the Earth's environment, seeing down to a resolution of 18 metres.

Also aboard is the compact High-Resolution Camera (HRC), which acquires black and white 25-km square images to a resolution of five metres.

Proba was originally created as a technology demonstration mission, and has a high degree of onboard autonomy.

Operators on the ground send up the raw inputs of a target to be imaged - latitude, longitude, and altitude - and Proba itself does the rest.

Visit the Proba Website to check out some spectacular images:
ESA - Proba

 

Cassini Spacecraft arriving at Saturn, Studies Rings and Moons

 

Cassini Spacecraft arriving at Saturn, Studies Rings and Moons



The $3.3 billion, 5,384-pound Cassini spacecraft is at the end of a seven-year voyage to Saturn!

Cassini enters orbit around Saturn on June 30, after it makes a dash through a gap in the shimmering rings.

Today Friday June 11 it passed within 1,240 miles of the outermost moon, Phoebe, at 4:56 p.m. EDT. The tiny moon is just 137 miles across. Saturn, in contrast, is nearly 75,000 miles in diameter.

The joint U.S.-European spacecraft, which also carries a probe to explore the moon Titan, was launched in October 1997. NASA built the plutonium-powered spacecraft; the European Space Agency contributed the Huygens (pronounced Hoy'-genz) probe.

Cassini should spend at least four years orbiting the planet, 76 times in all. Cassini's two cameras could take as many as 500,000 pictures.

Scientists hope study of the Saturn system will provide insight to the solar system's evolution.

The Phoebe flyby is a warmup for what's to come: Mission planners expect Cassini to conduct more than 50 similar flights past other Saturn moons.

Scientists believe Phoebe originated in the outer reaches of the solar system and that it was later flung toward Saturn, which captured it into orbit.

NASA this week released fuzzy images of Phoebe taken by Cassini as it closed in on the moon. The images showed a great deal of contrast that scientists said likely indicated topography such as sunlit peaks and deep shadowy craters.

Cassini's best possible pictures of Phoebe could show features as small as 66 feet across.

On the Net:

Phoebe, Smaller than Colorado

Cassini-Huygens Mission to Saturn & Titan

 

Robotic Repair to Hubble Taking Shape

 

Robotic Repair Call to Hubble Taking Shape

Unless the Hubble Space Telescope gets new batteries to power it and new gyroscopes to keep it stable, engineers expect breakdowns to put the telescope out of commission by 2008. Astronauts have repaired it three times since its launch in 1990.

Another manned repair mission was planned for in 2006, but the last space shuttle accident, the risks looked too great to NASA.

NASA's decision that Hubble would not be repaired brought dismayed criticism from scientists, politicians and public supporters of the telescope, which has captured memorable images of the cosmos.

Now NASA is planning a robotic rescue mission.

Technology News: Science: Robotic Repair Call to Hubble Taking Shape

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